Ponerinae
Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835
valid
- Ponerinae as group name: Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1835: 185 [Ponérites].
- Ponerinae as family: Smith, 1851: 6 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1858a: 76 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1861b: 44 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1871b: 320 [Poneridae]; André, 1882a: 125 [Poneridae]; Cresson, 1887: 93 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1894h: 379 [Poneridae]; Saunders, 1896: 18 [Poneridae]; Ashmead, 1905c: 382 [Poneridae]; Novák & Sadil, 1941: 70 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1951c: 1042 [Poneridae]; Bernard, 1953b: 185 [Poneridae].
- Ponerinae as tribe of Formicidae: André, 1874b: 167 [Poneridae].
- Ponerinae as subfamily of Poneridae: Ashmead, 1905c: 382.
- Ponerinae as subfamily of Formicidae: Mayr, 1855: 289, 299 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1861: 21 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1862: 712 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1857a: 64 [Poneridae]; Smith, 1862b: 31 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1865: 11 [Poneridae]; Mayr, 1868c: 24 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1870: 307 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1874: 21 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1877b: 70 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1878c: 366 [Poneridae]; Emery & Forel, 1879: 455 [Poneridae]; André, 1881c: 64 [Poneridae]; Forel, 1892k: 220 [Poneridae]; Dalla Torre, 1893: 13; Forel, 1893b: 162; Forel, 1895b: 111 [Poneridae]; Nasonov, 1889: 27 [Poneridae]; Emery, 1895l: 766 [subfamily spelled Ponerini]; Emery, 1896e: 176; Forel, 1899b: 2; Emery, 1901b: 36; Bingham, 1903: 23; Wheeler, 1910a: 134; Emery, 1911e: 2; Wheeler, 1915h: 805 [Ponerides]; Donisthorpe, 1915f: 65; Wheeler, 1915i: 25; Arnold, 1915: 9; Escherich, 1917: 2 [Ponerini]; Forel, 1917: 235; Bondroit, 1918: 78 [Poneritae]; Wheeler, 1920: 53; Wheeler, 1922: 56, 632, 640; Borgmeier, 1923: 37; Karavaiev, 1934: 49; Clark, 1951: 15; Brown, 1954e: 24; Wheeler & Wheeler, 1972a: 39; Brown, 1973b: 165; all subsequent authors.
- Ponerinae as poneromorph subfamily of Formicidae: Bolton, 2003: 42, 156.
- Ponerinae as poneroid subfamily of Formicidae: Ouellette et al., 2006: 365; Brady et al., 2006: 18173; Moreau et al., 2006: 102; Ward, 2007c: 555.
Genera incertae sedis in Ponerinae:
†Afropone, †Eogorgites, †Eoponerites, †Furcisutura, †Longicapitia
Subfamily Ponerinae references, world
Smith, 1858a: 76 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1862: 712 (genera key); Mayr, 1865: 11 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 79, 81 (Odontomachidae, Poneridae diagnoses); Forel, 1878c: 366 (diagnosis); Dalla Torre, 1893: 13 (world catalogue); Emery, 1895l: 766 (diagnosis); Emery, 1896e: 176 (genera key); Handlirsch, 1907: 879 (*fossil taxa catalogue); Wheeler, 1910a: 134 (diagnosis); Emery, 1911e: 3 (diagnosis, tribes key); Forel, 1917: 235 (synoptic classification); Forel, 1921c: 133 (diagnosis); Wheeler, 1922: 56, 636 (diagnosis, tribes key); Brown & Nutting, 1950: 124 (venation, phylogeny); Brown, 1954e: 24 (phylogeny); Eisner, 1957: 475 (proventriculus morphology); Bernard, 1967a: 79 (diagnosis); Gotwald, 1969b: 25 (mouthparts morphology); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1972a: 39 (diagnosis); Brown, 1973b: 165 (genera, distribution); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1976b: 48 (larvae, review & synthesis); Snelling, 1981: 387 (synoptic classification); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1985b: 256 (synoptic classification); Billen, 1986b: 168 (Dufour's gland); Fanfani & Dazzini Valcurone, 1986: 115 (exocrine glands synopsis); Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 78 (synoptic classification); Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 9 onward (synoptic classification, genera keys); Baroni Urbani et al., 1992: 317 (phylogeny); Bolton, 1994: 153 (diagnosis, synoptic classification, genera keys); Bolton, 1995a: 1042 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 14 (catalogue); Grimaldi et al., 1997: 20 (*Cretaceous genera); Dlussky & Rasnitsyn, 2003: 422 (diagnosis for wingless fossils); Bolton, 2003: 42, 156 (diagnosis, synopsis); Ouellette et al., 2006: 359 (phylogeny); Brady et al., 2006: 18173 (phylogeny); Moreau et al., 2006: 102 (phylogeny); Ward, 2007c: 555 (classification); Keller, 2011: 1 (morphology, phylogeny); Schmidt, 2013: 201 (molecular phylogeny); Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014: 4 (diagnosis, tribal and generic classification revision); Boudinot, 2015: 47 (male diagnosis); Fisher & Bolton, 2016: 52 (worker diagnosis); Esteves & Fisher, 2021: 138 (morphological characters reassessment); Branstetter & Longino, 2022: 8 (phylogeny); Boudinot et al., 2022: 7 (male diagnosis)
Regional and national faunas with keys
Mayr, 1861: 28 (Europe); Mayr, 1868c: 69 (*Baltic Amber); Forel, 1874: 29 (Switzerland); André, 1882c: 227 (Europe & Algeria); Cresson, 1887: 97 (U.S.A., genera); Provancher, 1887: 238 (Canada); Nasonov, 1889: 54 (Russia); Forel, 1891c: 9 (Madagascar genera); Forel, 1900d: 52 (India & Sri Lanka); Bingham, 1903: 23 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma); Ruzsky, 1905b: 108 (Russian Empire); Wheeler, 1910a: 557 (North America genera); Bondroit, 1910: 489 (Belgium); Stitz, 1914: 54 (Central Europe); Gallardo, 1915: 31 (Argentina genera); Forel, 1915d: 6 (Switzerland); Arnold, 1915: 10 (South Africa); Donisthorpe, 1915f: 65 (Britain); Emery, 1916a: 98 (Italy); Wheeler, 1916r: 580 (U.S.A., Connecticut); Bondroit, 1918: 79 (France & Belgium); Gallardo, 1918c: 4 (Argentina); Soudek, 1922b: 18 (Czechoslovakia); Stärcke, 1926b: 82 (Netherlands); Donisthorpe, 1927c: 68 (Britain); Menozzi & Russo, 1930: 169 (Dominican Republic); Arnol'di, 1933a: 596 (Russia); Karavaiev, 1934: 50 (Ukraine); Smith, 1937: 823 (Puerto Rico); Stitz, 1939: 58 (Germany); Smith, 1943e: 278 (U.S.A. males); Buren, 1944a: 279 (U.S.A., Iowa); Smith, 1947f: 530 (U.S.A. genera); Creighton, 1950a: 31 (North America); Kusnezov, 1956a: 11 (Argentina); Brown, 1958h: 11 (New Zealand); Gregg, 1963: 280 (U.S.A., Colorado); Bernard, 1967a: 80 (Western Europe); Wilson & Taylor, 1967b: 10 (Polynesia); Kempf, 1972b: 262 (Neotropical synoptic classification); Bolton, 1973a: 323 (West Africa genera); Bolton & Collingwood, 1975: 3 (Britain); Van Boven, 1977: 66 (Belgium); Kutter, 1977c: 21 (Switzerland); Arnol'di & Dlussky, 1978: 522 (former European U.S.S.R.); Collingwood, 1978: 74 (Iberian Peninsula); Collingwood, 1979: 29 (Fennoscandia & Denmark); Greenslade, 1979: 14 (South Australia genera); Francoeur, 1979a: 30 (Canada, Québec); Schembri & Collingwood, 1981: 417 (Malta); Allred, 1982: 438 (U.S.A., Utah); Baroni Urbani, 1984: 75 (Neotropical genera); Collingwood, 1985: 236 (Saudi Arabia); Wheeler & Wheeler, 1986g: 17 (U.S.A., Nevada); Agosti & Collingwood, 1987b: 264 (Balkans); Ogata, 1987a: 101 (Japan genera); Morisita et al., 1989: 8 (Japan); Dlussky et al., 1990: 173 (Turkmenistan); Kupyanskaya, 1990a: 85 (Far Eastern Russia); Atanassov & Dlussky, 1992: 51 (Bulgaria); Lattke, in Jaffe, 1993: 166 (Neotropical genera); Arakelian, 1994: 10 (Armenia); Wu & Wang, 1995a: 31 (China genera); Collingwood & Agosti, 1996: 308 (Saudi Arabia); Seifert, 1996b: 107 (Central Europe); Collingwood & Prince, 1998: 10 (Portugal); Kim et al., 1998: 145 (Korea); Shattuck, 1999: 52, 179 (Australia genera synopsis); Andersen, 2000: 19 (northern Australia genera); Zhou, 2001a: 22 (China, Guangxi); Czechowski et al., 2002: 133 (Poland); Aktaç & Radchenko, 2002: 53 (Turkey genera); Yoshimura & Onoyama, 2002b: 436 (Japan genera, males); Mackay & Mackay, 2002: 27 (U.S.A., New Mexico); Csősz, 2003: 147 (Carpathian Basin); Palacio & Fernández, in Radchenko, 2005b: 184 (North Korea); Coovert, 2005: 23 (U.S.A., Ohio); Yoshimura & Fisher, 2007: 27 (Malagasy genera, males); Clouse, 2007b: 190 (Micronesia); Seifert, 2007: 108 (North and Central Europe); Bolton & Fisher, 2008c: 32 (Afrotropical genera); Lyu, 2008: 315 (Korean genera); Fernández & Arias-Penna, 2008: 32 (Neotropical genera); Dlussky, 2009: 1071 (Eocene amber); Terayama, 2009: 101 (Taiwan genera); Heterick, 2009: 34 (south-western Australia genera); Boer, 2010: 68 (Benelux); General & Alpert, 2012: 76 (Philippines genera key); Schmidt & Shattuck, 2014: 17 (New world, African and Malagasy, Eurasian and Australian genera); Fernández & Guerrero, 2019: 509 (Colombia); Esteves & Fisher, 2021: 110 (Neotropical genera key); Borowiec & Salata, 2022: 23 (key to Greece genera).
Citations
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Extant: 2 valid tribes, 50 valid genera, 1,274 valid species
Fossil: 13 valid genera, 90 valid species
More statistics†fossil
valid
synonym
unidentifiable/excluded from Formicidae
homonym
unavailable/nomen nudum
obsolete combination
- All genera
- Incertae sedis
- Agroecomyrmecinae
- Amblyoponinae
- Aneuretinae
- Apomyrminae
- †Armaniinae
- †Brownimeciinae
- Dolichoderinae
- Dorylinae
- Ectatomminae
- †Formiciinae
- Formicinae
- †Haidomyrmecinae
- Leptanillinae
- Martialinae
- Myrmeciinae
- Myrmicinae
- Paraponerinae
- Ponerinae
- Proceratiinae
- Pseudomyrmecinae
- †Sphecomyrminae
- †Zigrasimeciinae