Polyrhachis Smith, 1857 valid feminine
Polyrhachis Smith, 1857a: 58 Type-species: Formica bihamata (obsolete combination of Polyrhachis bihamata), by original designation.
Type notes: Fabricius, 1775: 394, Smith, 1858a: 58, Wheeler, 1911g: 170, Donisthorpe, 1943g: 685, and many others, attribute Formica bihamata to Drury, 1773: 73, pl. 38, figs. 7, 8. Drury, 1773's work contains both description and illustration, but the species is not named; first use of the name appears in Fabricius, 1775: 394.]
Obsolete classifications
Genus Polyrhachis references

Smith, 1858a: 58 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1865: 6 (Polyrhachis, Hemioptica diagnoses); Mayr, 1867a: 40, 41 (diagnosis, species groups (as "turmae")); Mayr, 1876: 68 (Australia species key); Forel, 1878c: 368 (diagnosis); Mayr, 1879: 648 (species groups); AndrĂ©, 1887: 286 (Afrotropical species key); Forel, 1893e: 17 (India & Sri Lanka species key); Emery, 1897: 579, 582 (Polyrhachis relucens & Polyrhachis guerini groups, keys); Bingham, 1903: 383 (India, Sri Lanka & Burma species key); Santschi, 1910h: 284 (Polyrhachis rastellata group key); Viehmeyer, 1914b: 50, 54 (Polyrhachis rastellata & Polyrhachis hostilis groups, keys); Wheeler, 1922: 256, 701 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Arnold, 1924: 741 (diagnosis, South Africa species key); Emery, 1925d: 175 (diagnosis, subgenera key); Emery, 1925d: 178 (Polyrhachis (Campomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 180 (Polyrhachis (Myrmatopa) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 181 (Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 182 (Polyrhachis (Myrmothrinax) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 184 (Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 185 (Polyrhachis (Chariomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 188 (Polyrhachis (Dolichorhachis) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 189 (Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 190 (Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 197 (Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 198 (Polyrhachis (Myrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 206 (Polyrhachis (Pseudocyrtomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 207 (Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) diagnosis); Emery, 1925d: 209 (Hemioptica diagnosis); Donisthorpe, 1938c: 246 (Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) review); Santschi, 1939c: 13 (Polyrhachis (Pseudocyrtomyrma) species key); Hung, 1962: 24 (Taiwan species key); Hung, 1967b: 395 (review of subgenera); Hung, 1970: 5 (Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) all species revision, key); Bolton, 1973b: 289 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Bolton, 1975c: 1 (Pheidole sexspinosa group, key); Kohout, 1987: 169 (Philippines Pheidole sexspinosa group, key); Kohout, 1989: 515 (Australia Polyrhachis relucens group, key); Kohout, 1990: 500 (Polyrhachis viehmeyeri group, key); Morisita et al., 1991: 45 (Japan species key); Wang & Wu, 1991: 596 (China species key); Dorow & Kohout, 1995: 96 (Polyrhachis (Hemioptica) species key); Bolton, 1994: 50 (synoptic classification); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Dorow, 1995: 9 (subgenera revision, subgenera key); Dorow, 1995: 10-11 (Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) species groups, key; Polyrhachis arachne, Polyrhachis cryptoceroides, Polyrhachis flavoflagellata, Polyrhachis furcata and Polyrhachis hector species groups, keys); Dorow, 1995: 12 (Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 13 (Polyrhachis (Campomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 16 (Polyrhachis (Chariomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 21 (Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 24 (Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 26 (Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 28 (Polyrhachis (Hemioptica) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 30 (Polyrhachis (Myrma) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 42 (Polyrhachis (Myrmatopa) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 45 (Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 61 (Polyrhachis (Myrmothrinax) synopsis); Dorow, 1995: 63 (Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) synopsis); Wu & Wang, 1995a: 159 (China species key); Zhou & Zheng, 1997: 274 (Guangxi China species); Shattuck, 1999: 107 (Australia synopsis); Zhou, 2001a: 190 (China, Guangxi species key); Xu, 2002b: 523 (China Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) species key; Bolton, 2003: 122 (synopsis); Karmaly, 2004: 542 (India species key); Kohout, 2006c: 146 (Polyrhachis cryptoceroides group, key); Kohout, 2006d: 87 (Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) of Australia, Borneo, New Guinea, Solomon Is, keys); Kohout, 2007c: 189 (Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) diagnosis, all species revision, key); Kohout, 2007b: 8 (Polyrhachis (Campomyrma) Borneo, key); Kohout, 2008a: 255 (Sulawesi species, keys); Kohout, 2008b: 298 (Polyrhachis vestita group key); Kohout, 2008d: 12 (Polyrhachis flavoflagellata group key); Kohout, 2009: 40, 44 (modifications to Kohout, 2006d key); Terayama, 2009: 218 (Taiwan species key); Heterick, 2009: 106 (south-western Australia species key); Kohout, 2010: 169 (Australia subgenera key), 171 (Polyrhachis (Myrmhopla) Australia species key), 200 (Polyrhachis (Hirtomyrma) Australia species key); Kohout, 2012a: 38 (Polyrhachis (Myrma) Australia species key), 43 (Polyrhachis (Myrmatopa) Australia species key), 50 (Polyrhachis (Myrmothrinax) Australia species key); Kohout, 2013a: 17 (Polyrhachis continua group key); Kohout, 2013c: 21, 22 (Polyrhachis xiphias species group revision, diagnosis), 23 (Polyrhachis xiphias species group key); Kohout, 2013d: 92 (Polyrhachis gravis and Polyrhachis micans groups review), 94, 110 (Polyrhachis gravis and Polyrhachis micans groups diagnoses, keys); Kohout, 2013e: 487 (Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) revision), 490 (Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) definition, diagnosis), 494 (Polyrhachis (Hagiomyrma) all species key); Kohout, 2013f: 137 (Polyrhachis aculeata species-group review), 140 (Polyrhachis aculeata group diagnosis), 141 (Polyrhachis aculeata group key); Kohout, 2014: 1, 3 (Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) review, (diagnosis), 4 (Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) species key); Mezger & Moreau, 2016: 369 (phylogeny of genus, subgenera); Rigato, 2016: 7 (Afrotropical species revision, key); Fisher & Bolton, 2016: 380 (diagnosis); Cantone, 2017: 170 (brief male diagnosis); Zettel, 2019: 70 (Malay Peninsula Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis) species key (workers)); Blanchard et al., 2020: 5852 (phylogeny, evolution); Wong & GuĂ©nard, 2020: 10 (Hong Kong and Macau species key); Heterick, 2021: 129 (Western Australia species key); Ward & Boudinot, 2021: 50 (male identification); Blanchard & Moreau, 2023: 1 (phylogeny, evolution); Jaitrong et al., 2023: 446 (Thailand Polyrhachis flavicornis species group review), 448 (Thailand Polyrhachis flavicornis species group diagnosis, key to workers); Jaitrong et al., 2023: 294 (Thailand, Laos Polyrhachis (Campomyrma) review), 296 (Polyrhachis (Campomyrma) worker diagnosis, key to Thailand, Laos species (workers)); Zettel & OckermĂ¼ller, 2023: 679 (Polyrhachis flavoflagellata group) [Note: world list of species in Polyrhachis (Polyrhachis): Emery, 1925d: 181; Dorow, 1995: 64; Bolton, 1995b: 360.]

Citations

Extant: 708 valid species, 82 valid subspecies

Fossil: 1 valid species

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