Simopone
Forel, 1891
valid
feminine
- Simopone in Ponerinae: Dalla Torre, 1893: 17.
- Simopone in Dorylinae, Cerapachyini: Emery, 1895l: 765.
- Simopone in Dorylinae, Cylindromyrmecini: Emery, 1901b: 34.
- Simopone in Ponerinae, Leptogenyini: Ashmead, 1905c: 382.
- Simopone in Ponerinae, Cylindromyrmecini: Emery, 1911e: 15; Arnold, 1915: 20; Forel, 1917: 239; Wheeler, 1922: 640; Donisthorpe, 1943h: 726; Chapman & Capco, 1951: 25.
- Simopone in Ponerinae, Cerapachyini: Forel, 1893b: 162; Wheeler, 1910a: 137 [subtribe Cylindromyrmecini]; Brown, 1975: 18; Dlussky & Fedoseeva, 1988: 79; Hölldobler & Wilson, 1990: 10.
- Simopone in Cerapachyinae, Cerapachyini: Wheeler, 1902e: 185; Bolton, 1990a: 67; Bolton, 1990c: 1357; Bolton, 1994: 19; Bolton, 2003: 34.
- Simopone as subgenus of Cerapachys: Forel, 1892o: 243.
- Simopone as genus: Forel, 1891c: 139; Dalla Torre, 1893: 17; Ashmead, 1905c: 382; Wheeler, 1910a: 137; Emery, 1911e: 15; Donisthorpe, 1943h: 726; Brown, 1975: 35; all subsequent authors.
- Simopone in Dorylinae: Brady et al., 2014: 5
Genus Simopone references
Dalla Torre, 1893: 17 (catalogue); Emery, 1911e: 15 (diagnosis, catalogue); Arnold, 1915: 20 (diagnosis); Wheeler, 1922: 757, 1005 (Afrotropical, Malagasy catalogues); Chapman & Capco, 1951: 25 (Asia checklist); Brown, 1975: 35 (diagnosis, Afrotropical species key); Radchenko, 1993c: 47 (Indo-Australian species key); Bolton, 1995a: 1052 (census); Bolton, 1995b: 383 (catalogue); Bolton & Fisher, 2012: 15, 17; 42, 70. (diagnosis, all species revision; Afrotropical workers, queens keys; Malagasy workers, males keys, respectively); Chen et al., 2015 : 5 (grandidieri-group species key); Borowiec, 2016: 208 (worker, male diagnosis); Cantone, 2017: 139 (brief male diagnosis); Chen et al., 2019: 27 (worker key, grandidieri species group)
Citations
- Arnold, G. 1915. A monograph of the Formicidae of South Africa. Part I. Ponerinae, Dorylinae. Annals of the South African Museum 14:1-159.
- Ashmead, W. H. 1905c. A skeleton of a new arrangement of the families, subfamilies, tribes and genera of the ants, or the superfamily Formicoidea. Canadian Entomologist 37:381-384. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1990a. Abdominal characters and status of the cerapachyine ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Journal of Natural History 24:53-68. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1990c. Army ants reassessed: the phylogeny and classification of the doryline section (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Journal of Natural History 24:1339-1364. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1994. Identification guide to the ant genera of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 222 pp.
- Bolton, B. 1995a. A taxonomic and zoogeographical census of the extant ant taxa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of Natural History 29:1037-1056. PDF
- Bolton, B. 1995b. A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 504 pp.
- Bolton, B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71:1-370. PDF
- Bolton, B.; Fisher, B. L. 2012. Taxonomy of the cerapachyine ant genera Simopone Forel, Vicinopone gen. n. and Tanipone gen. n. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 3283:1-101. PDF
- Borowiec, M. L. 2016. Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dorylinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). ZooKeys 608:1-280. 10.3897/zookeys.608.9427 PDF
- Brady, S. G.; Fisher, B. L.; Schultz, T. R.; Ward, P. S. 2014. The rise of army ants and their relatives: diversification of specialized predatory doryline ants. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14 (93):1-14. 10.1186/1471-2148-14-93 PDF
- Brown, W. L., Jr. 1975. Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. V. Ponerinae, tribes Platythyreini, Cerapachyini, Cylindromyrmecini, Acanthostichini, and Aenictogitini. Search. Agriculture (Ithaca, New York) 5(1):1-115. PDF
- Cantone, S. 2017. Winged ants – The male. Dichotomous key to genera of winged male ants in the world. Behavioral ecology of mating flight. São Paulo: Autopubblicato, 318 pp. PDF
- Chapman, J. W.; Capco, S. R. 1951. Check list of the ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Asia. Monographs of the Institute of Science and Technology. Manila 1:1-327. PDF
- Chen, Z.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, S. 2019. Simopone fisheri sp. n., a new species of Dorylinae ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from China, with an illustrated key to the S. grandidieri-group species. ZooKeys 838:21-33. 10.3897/zookeys.838.29465 PDF
- Chen, Z.; Zhou, S.; Liang, L. 2015. Simopone yunnanensis sp. nov. – the first record of Simopone Forel, 1891 from China (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Cerapachyinae). Asian Myrmecology 7:5-10. PDF
- Dalla Torre, K. W. 1893. Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus. Vol. 7. Formicidae (Heterogyna). Leipzig: W. Engelmann, 289 pp. PDF
- Dlussky, G. M.; Fedoseeva, E. B. 1988. Origin and early stages of evolution in ants. [In Russian.]. Pp. 70-144 in: Ponomarenko, A. G. (ed.) 1988. Cretaceous biocenotic crisis and insect evolution. [In Russian.]. Moskva: Nauka, 232 pp.
- Donisthorpe, H. 1943h. A list of the type-species of the genera and subgenera of the Formicidae. [concl.]. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (11)10:721-737.
- Emery, C. 1895l. Die Gattung Dorylus Fab. und die systematische Eintheilung der Formiciden. Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere 8:685-778. PDF
- Emery, C. 1901b. Notes sur les sous-familles des Dorylines et Ponérines (Famille des Formicides). Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 45:32-54. PDF
- Emery, C. 1911e. Hymenoptera. Fam. Formicidae. Subfam. Ponerinae. Genera Insectorum 118:1-125. PDF
- Forel, A. 1891c. Les Formicides. [part]. In: Grandidier, A. 1891. Histoire physique, naturelle, et politique de Madagascar. Volume XX. Histoire naturelle des Hyménoptères. Deuxième partie (28e fascicule). Paris: Hachette et Cie, v + 237 pp. PDF
- Forel, A. 1892o. Les Formicides. [concl.]. In: Grandidier, A. 1892. Histoire physique, naturelle, et politique de Madagascar. Volume XX. Histoire naturelle des Hyménoptères. Deuxième partie. Supplèment au 28e fascicule. Paris: Hachette et Cie, pp. 229-280.
- Forel, A. 1893b. Sur la classification de la famille des Formicides, avec remarques synonymiques. Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 37:161-167. PDF
- Forel, A. 1917. Cadre synoptique actuel de la faune universelle des fourmis. Bulletin de la Société Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles 51:229-253. PDF
- Hölldobler, B.; Wilson, E. O. 1990. The ants. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, xii + 732 pp.
- Radchenko, A. G. 1993c. New ants of the subfamily Cerapachyinae (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Vietnam. Zhurnal Ukrains'koho Entomolohichnoho Tovarystva 1(1):43-47. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1902e. An American Cerapachys, with remarks on the affinities of the Cerapachyinae. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole) 3:181-191. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1910a. Ants: their structure, development and behavior. New York: Columbia University Press, xxv + 663 pp. PDF
- Wheeler, W. M. 1922. Ants of the American Museum Congo expedition. New York: Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 1139.
Extant: 40 valid species
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