<ref name="Ward_1983">{{cite journal |first1=P. S. |last1=Ward |year=1983 |title=Genetic relatedness and colony organization in a species complex of ponerine ants. II. Patterns of sex ratio investment |url=https://antcat.org/documents/5384/ward_1983a_behav_ecol_sociobiol.pdf |journal=Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |publisher= |volume=12 |issue= |pages=301–307 |doi= }}</ref>