<ref name="Kugler_1979">{{cite journal |first1=C. |last1=Kugler |year=1979 |title=Alarm and defense: a function for the pygidial gland of the myrmicine ant, ''Pheidole'' ''biconstricta''. |url= |journal=Annals of the Entomological Society of America |publisher= |volume=72 |issue= |pages=532–536 |doi= }}</ref>