<ref name="Huddleston_&_Fluker_1968">{{cite journal |first1=E. W. |last1=Huddleston |first2=S. S. |last2=Fluker |year=1968 |title=Distribution of ant species in Hawaii |url= |journal=Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society |publisher= |volume=20 |issue= |pages=45–69 |doi= }}</ref>