<ref name="Buschinger_et_al_1989">{{cite journal |first1=A. |last1=Buschinger |first2=H. |last2=Cagniant |first3=W. |last3=Ehrhardt |first4=J. |last4=Heinze |year=1989 |title=''Chalepoxenus brunneus'', a workerless "degenerate slave-maker" ant (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) |url= |journal=Psyche (Cambridge) |publisher= |volume=95 |issue= |pages=253–363 |doi= }}</ref>